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《2006AAFP成人胸腔積液診斷方法》內(nèi)容簡介:
Transudates result from imbalances inhydrostatic and oncotic forces and are causedby a limited number of recognized clinicalconditions such as heart failure and cirrho-sis. Less common causes include nephroticsyndrome, atelectasis, peritoneal dialysis,constrictive pericarditis, superior vena cavalobstruction, and urinothorax.
《2006AAFP成人胸腔積液診斷方法》內(nèi)容預(yù)覽:
8. Porcel JM, Vives M, Vicente de Vera MC, Cao G, RubioM, Rivas MC. Useful tests on pleural fluid that distin-guish transudates from exudates. Ann Clin Biochem2001;38:671-5.
9. Romero-Candeira S, Fernández C, Martín C, Sánchez-Paya J, Hernández L. Influence of diuretics on the con-centration of proteins and other components of pleuraltransudates in patients with heart failure. Am J Med2001;110:681-6.
10. Romero-Candeira S, Hernández L. The separation oftransudates and exudates with particular reference to theprotein gradient. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2004;10:294-8.
11. Heffner JE, Highland K, Brown LK. A meta-**ysisderivation of continuous likelihood ratios for diagnos-ing pleural fluid exudates. Am J Respir Crit Care Med2003;167:1591-9.
12. Barnes TW, Olson EJ, Morgenthaler TI, Edson RS,Decker PA, Ryu JH. Low yield of microbiologic studieson pleural fluid specimens. Chest 2005;127:916-21.
13. Sahn SA, Heffner JE. Pleural fluid **ysis. In: Light RW,Gary Lee YC. Textbook of pleural diseases. London:Arnold, 2003:191-209.
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近期的研究表明,通過以下措施,中心靜脈插管相關(guān)性感染的發(fā)生率下降了10倍。[詳細]
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